Pateick geiffin



Patented May l, l888 [Nvwa'olq: Q Nmwm-i im.

(No Modell.) f

P.. GRIIIIN.

i METHOD 0F PAVING STREETS AND ILO/NNN LA! .A1 ///////////////////(/,"1

V 4c place or refill NITFD TATIIS' PATRICK GRIFFIN, oF

UTICA, NEW YORK,` ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTHS i.

' TO JAMES F, LEAHY, EDWARD CALLAHAN, AND JOHN HACKETT, ALL

oF SAME PLACE.

METHOD or PAVING sTRE ETS AND ROADS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters-Patent No. 382,153, dated May 1,1888. Application ined embers, Isar. .seriammarat-i. (No model.)

.To dll whom it may-concern:

Be it known that I, -ATRIcK GRIFFIN, a citt zen of the United States,and aresident of the city of Utica, in the county of Oneida and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methodsof Paving Streets "and Roads; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, andy exact description ofthe invention, whichwill en-Io able others skilled in' the art to which it appertains to -make anduse thesame, reference being had to the'accompanying drawing, and toletters of reference marked thereon, which `forms part of thisspecification.

My invention relates to an `improvement in paving streets and roads; andit consists in the method h claimed. y The gure shows a cross-section ofa road or zo street paved in conformity with myimproved method. A

In order to enable others skilled in the art to pave roads and streets,I will now proceed v and describe the various steps employed.

I first remove the earth from the raadt-bed by excavation to the depthoffrom six to eighteen inches, depending upon the character of pavementrequired. I then bring f,the bot' tom of the excavation to substantiallyan even' 3o surfaee,when the same is preferably saturated with wateandcompressed by passing a heavy l roller over the surface.4 I then providedrains on each side of the road-bed, which are lled vwith stonei`n orderto` take out the s urplus water from the road-bed,'and thus prevent'theroad heaving by frost.

. In the drawing.`1 yrepresents the depth of i ,the excavation, whichmay be varied, and`2 2 represent. the drains filled with stone. .I re-Athe excavation with earth put with water, and thoron in layers,saturated oughly compressed by rolling. This is reA peat'ed. until thecontour of the roadbed is formed. .J The whol-c massof earth lreplacedin thevexeavation is thoroughly compressed in layers by the meansvheretofore referred to. Over the surface ofeompressed earth,icom pressedinto suitable shape, I preferably place a covering of felt. (Representedin the drawing 5o in crosssection at 4.) This, however, may be omitted.vAnyothersubstantially water-proof ereinaftcr pointed out and 'materialmay be `used in place of it.. Over the4 covering of the compressedroad-bed I provide and place a coat of grouting composed 'of cement,sand, or gravel in plastic shape,or the same may be covered with alcoating of coal-tar, sand, and gravel applied in a plastic. state, sothat when the same hardens acom- Aplete watertight layer is formed, asindicated atv5 in the drawing, whereby a solid compact road-bed isformed free from the tendency in cold climates to heave and otherwisecrack the .coating or layer 5 of the road-bed. Y

By sinking the blind-drain on either side of the roadway, as shown at 22, the water is prevented' from 'interfering with the compressedfouudation of the road-bed.

In the drawing, 6 6 represent theeurbing, and 7 7 the sidewalk, and inconstructing a road on my improved plan I preferably curb. the outerwall o f the ditches fbelow the cement with boards or plank to moreefectually shut out the water. f f

Itis quite obvious here'that the order of performing the' various stepsin the operation is unimportant, so'long as the several steps are takento compress the earth, remove the surpLus watenby the blind-drain, andcover the compressed earth forming the road-bed with a watertightwearingsurface, substan` tially as set forth. 'Y

What l claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A roadway constructed' by moisteningand compressing th'eearth or clayinto a con- 85 vex sur ace,covering the same with a layer of Water-tightfelt or covering, and having a depressed ditch illed with loose stonesateach side-,and the whole covered with a layer of hard wearing-surface.9o 2. A roadway consisting of successive layers of moistened and.compressed earth, clay, or sand covered with a layer of felt, having adepressed ditch filled with loose stones at each water-tight wearingcement.. v In witness whereof I have aiixed my signaA ture inpresence'of-two witnesses. v i PATRICK GRIFFIN. Witnesses: j

.JosIAH PERRY; MILToN E. ROBINSON.

side, and the whole covered with a layer-of

